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Thursday, March 28, 2024

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CUDURKA AIDS-ka (HIV)
Kubadda Webmaster
/ Categories: Health

CUDURKA AIDS-ka (HIV)

Cudurkan waxaa keena nooc ka mid fayraska oo loo yaqaan HIV (Human Immunodifeciency Virus), feyraska noocani waxa uu toos u weeraraa unugyada difaaca jirka Aadamiga, weerarkaas kadib hidda-sidaha Feyraska HIV-ga (DNA) waxa uu toos ula midoobaa hidda-sidaha qofka bukaanka (DNA of the host), waxaana dhacda in ay mideysnaadaan muddo aan yareyn inta badana lagu qiyaaso 5-10 sanadood, xilligaas oo qofka bukaanka ahi uusan muujin wax calaamado cudur ah (Assymptomatic period). Muddadan kadib waxaa dhacda inuu feyras badani ka soo tarmado hidda-sidayaashii mideysnaa, dabadeedna weeraro unugyada kale ee jirka, gaar ahaan unugyada difaaca ee loo yaqaan 'T4 cells' oo ah qeyb ka mid ah unugyaada cad-cad ee dhiigga (WBCs), hoos u dhaca ama baaba’a ku yimaada unugyada difaaca ayaa sababa inuu qofku u nugloonaado cudaro badan oo qofka caafimaadka qaba aan waxba ku aheyn sida Hargabka, Qaaxada, dhaawacyada, iwm, kuwan oo inta badan sababa dhimashada qofka cudurka Aids-ka qaba.

CALAAMAADAHA LAGU GARTO BUKAHA CUDARKA AIDSKA

Calaamadaha lagu arko bukaha cudurka Aids-ka qaba waxaa loo kala saaraa saddex marxaladood oo kala duwan. Calaamadaha la arko xiliga bilowga qaadida Feyraska HIV-ga (Period of Acute Infection).

Muddo ku siman toddobaadyo ama ugu badnaan sanad, taasoo ka billaabaneysa xilliga u horreysa ee uu bukuhu qaado feyraska HIV-ga ayaa ah xilliga u horreeya ee qofku muujiyo calaamado cudur, waana xilliga ugu horreeya ee baaris cudurkan ku saabsan la sameyn karo, si kastaba ha ahaatee caalamadaha uu muujiyo bukuhu marka uu marxaladan joogo waxaa ka mid ah:

1. Qandho (fever)
2. Madax xanuun (headache)
3. Barar iyo xanuun ku yimaada qanjirada difaaca (lyphadenopathy)
4. Caabuq ku yimaada gudaha dhuunta (pharyngitis)
5. Murqo xanuun (myalgia)
6. Daal (fatigue)
7. Xanuun ku yimaada kala-goysyada (arthratgia)
8. Finan yar-yar oo jirka ka soo yaaca (Macular rash).

Xilliga calaamad la’aanta (Assymptomatic period) Calaamadahaas aan soo sheegnay waxa ay bukaha ka muuqdaan muddo aan badneyn oo ku siman maalmo ama toddobaadyo, kadibna bukuhu waxa uu u muuqdaa qof ladan oo caafimaad qaba xataa waxaa adkaata in baaris lagu ogaado inuu qabo cudurkan iyo in kale in la isticmaalo qalab horumarsan mooyee, taasna waxaa ugu wacan hidda-sidaha Feyraska HIV-ga (DNA) iyo midda bukaha ayaa midooba, taas oo keenta inuusan feyrasku muujin taran ah, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inuusan jirin wax feyras (HIV) ah oo weerar ku haya unugyada difaaca jirka. Sidaa darteed ayuusan bukuhu muujin wax calaamado cudur ah. Maraxaladdan calaamad la’aanta ah ayaa inta badan lagu qiyaasaa in ay ku sinnaan karto 5-10 sanadood, balse ogow qofkani waxa uu awood u leeyahay inuu cudurkan gudbiyo.

Calaamadaha la arko xiliga u danbeya ee cudarka (crisis stage or Aids) Muddadaa dheer ee uusan bukuhu muujineyn wax calaamado cudur ah kadib, ayuu feyraska (HIV)-gu bilaabaa inuu tarmo (replication), uuna weerero unugyada difaaca jirka, gaar ahaan kuwa loo yaqaan "T4 cells", kuwaasoo ka mid ah unugyada cad-cad ee dhiigga (WBCs), taas oo ugu dambeynta keenta inuu difaaca jirka hoos u dhaco amaba howl gabo gebi ahaanba. Marxaladan marka uu gaaro bukuhu waxaa dhib ugu filan cudur yar oo ku dhaca sida hargab, iwm, kaas oo keeni kara dhimashada bukuha, calaamadaha inta badan lagu arko dhibbanaha cudurkan qaba ayaa waxaa ka mid ah.

1. Barbaro cad-cad (finan) ka soo yaaca carabka, cirridka iyo gudaha dhabanada (oral hairy leukoplakia)
2. Miisanka qofka oo si joogta ah isu dhima (weight loss)
3. Daal badan (fatigue)
4. Dhidid habeenkii ah (Night sweats)
5. Shuban joogta ah.
6. Nabarro maqaarka sare ka soo baxa (koposis sarcoma)

Inta badan qofku marka uu marxaladan joogo waxa uu nuglaanaadaa cudarrada ay keenaan Bagteeriyada , fungaska, iyo qeybaha kale ee feyras-ka, kuwaas oo inta badan soo dedejiya dhimashada bukaha.

SIYAABAHA LA ISUGU GUDBIYO FEYRASKA (HIV) EE SABABA CUDURKA AIDS-KA

Feyraska HIV-ga waxaa la isugu gudbin karaa siyaabo fara badan sida:

1. Galmo lala sameeyo qof qaba cudurka Aids-ka.
2. Hooyo cudurka qabtaana waxa ay u gudbin kartaa ilmaha ay uurkiisa yeelato, kaas oo ku dhasha cudurkan laayaanka ah.
3. Dhiigga laga soo qaaday qof cudurka qaba oo lagu shubo qof kale ama la taabsiiyo nabar ama dhaawac jirkiisa ka mid ah.
4. Makiinad, qalabka qalliinka, iyo qalabka loo adeegsado ilkaha oo loogu adeegay qof cudurka Aids-ka qaba, qalabkaas oo loo adeegsado qof aan qabin fayruska.
5. Waxaa kale oo cudurkan la isugu gudbin karaa feyraska HIV-ga, caanaha, candhuufta, iyo dheecaanada kale ee jirka qofka Aids-ka qaba.

KA-HORTAGGA, XAKAMEYNTA IYO DAAWEYNTA CUDURKA AIDS-KA.

Ka hortagga iyo xakameynta faafidda cudurkan ayaa ah mid sahlan haddii aragti islaami ah lagu fiirsho, noqon kartana mid aan sahlanayn haddii dhaqanka reer galbeedka loo fiiriyo, sababtuna waxay tahay faafidda cudurka AIDS-ka ayaa ah mid ku salaysan gogol-dhaaf (sino) iyo anshax-xumo (fuxshi) inta badan, dadka uu ku dhaco ayaa intooda badani yihiin ragga-ragga u taga (khaniisiin) iyo dumarka iyo ragga gogol-dhaafka sameeya. Ka-hortagga cudurkan ayaa qoloba si u aragtaa, tusaale ahaan Reer Galbeedka ayaa aaminsan ku-barbaarinta iyo baridda carruurta qaababka galmada (Sexual education) iyo isticmaalka cinjirada (condoms) inay tahay qaabka ugu wanaagsan ee cudurkaan looga hortegi karo, balse waxaa la oran karaa waxay ka taliyeen oo kaliya faafiddiisa, waayo fayraska (HIV)ayaa ah mid laysugu gudbin karo candhuufta iyo dhunkashada.

Si kastaba xaaladdu ha ahaatee siyaabaha ugu wanaagsan ee cudurkan looga hortegi karo ayaa ah

1) Qofka oo ku ekaada gurigiisa xalaasha ah.
2) Wacyi-gelin dadka lagu wacyi geliyo waxa uu yahay cudurkani.
3) Dhiigagga la deeqo oo baaris lagu sameeyo intaan qofka kale lagu shubin.
4) Sirinjiga qof lagu duro inaan qof kale loo isticmaalin.

Dhanka kale, haddii aan ka eegno ma jirto illaa hadda wax tallaal ah oo cudurka AIDS-ka looga hortegi karo, taasna waxaa ugu wacan borotiinada loo yaqaan (antigens) ee ku dahaaran fayraska HIV-ga ee uu ku weeraro unugyada difaaca jirka ayaa ah kuwa isbeddelid badan, waxaana la arkaa qof kaliya in laga helo boqollaal fayraska HIV-ga ah oo leh borotiinadaas oo kala duwan. Wuxuu qofku is weydiin kara maxay tahay xiriirka ka dhexeyn kara tallaalka (vaccine) iyo borotiinadaan (antigens)? Tallaalka ayaa ah jeermis (Bacteria ama Virus) la dilay ama awooddiisii cudur-keenid la wiiqay amaba borotiinada (antigens) ku dheehan jeermiska mid ka mid ah, kadibna lagu duro ama afka laga siiyo qof caafimaad qaba si uu unugyada difaaca jirkiisa uu cariyo si ay isaga difaaci lahaayeen weerar kaga yimaada jeermiska tallaalkan laga samayay. Mar haddii uu fayraska HIV-da uu yahay mid is beddelid badan waxaan suuragal ahayn in loo helo tallaal rasmi ah.

Waxaa iyana dhibaata badani ka taagan tahay sidii daawo loogu heli lahaa bukaha cudurkan qaba, maxaa yeelay daawooyinka illaa hadda la soo saaray ayaa noqday kuwa aan waxtar badan lahayn, balse dhibaataba u geysta hidda-sidayaasha dhibbanaha (genome of the patient).

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cudurka AIDS-ka ayaa caalamku heegan ugu jireeen illaa iyo siddeetamaadkii sidii ay xal ugu heli lahaayeen, illaa iyo haddana wax xal ah looma hayo daawayntiisa iyo ka-hortaggiisa midnaba. Qoraalkaygan ayaan waxaan doorbiday inaan ku soo gabagabeeyo sida uu islaamku u arko cudurkan AIDS-ka.


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